Journal · Data

What to measure, and why

The numbers that matter after forty.

October 2026

A glass, a notebook and a watch on a table

Most people over forty have had a blood test. Very few have had a useful one. The standard GP panel is designed to catch disease, not to measure how well you are ageing. It will tell you that you are not ill. It will not tell you that your VO2 max puts you in the bottom quartile for your age, or that your fasting insulin has been climbing for five years while your glucose stayed normal.

At eleVate, we measure a short list. Not because more data is bad, but because most of it changes nothing you would do. These are the numbers that do.

The five that matter

Two of these are measured on the floor. Three come from a blood draw. That is the whole programme for most members.

MarkerWhat it tells youTarget after 40How often
VO2 maxCardiorespiratory fitness: the single strongest predictor of lifespan we haveTop 25% for age and sex; men >45, women >38 ml/kg/min at 40Every 6 months
Grip strengthA proxy for whole-body strength and neuromuscular healthMen >40 kg, women >25 kg; the trend matters more than the numberEvery 3 months
ApoBThe actual count of cholesterol particles that cause arterial disease (more useful than LDL)<80 mg/dL; <60 if there is family historyAnnually
Fasting insulin + HbA1cMetabolic health, years before glucose shows a problemInsulin <6 µIU/mL; HbA1c <5.4%Annually
hs-CRPLow-grade systemic inflammation<1.0 mg/LAnnually

Why these and not others

VO2 max first, because the data is unambiguous. Moving from the bottom quartile to the top quartile for your age is associated with a larger reduction in mortality risk than quitting smoking. It is also trainable at any age: most members add 10 to 15% within a year of structured zone-2 and interval work.

Grip strength because it is cheap, repeatable, and tracks something you cannot see. Muscle mass peaks in your thirties and declines 3 to 8% per decade after. Strength declines faster. The members who keep it are the ones who will still be independent at eighty.

ApoB rather than LDL because it counts particles, not cargo. Two people can have the same LDL and very different risk. Most Dutch GPs do not test it by default. Ask.

Fasting insulin because it is the earliest signal. Glucose stays normal for a decade while the pancreas compensates. By the time HbA1c moves, the damage is well underway.

hs-CRP because chronic inflammation sits underneath almost everything else: cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, slow recovery. It also responds fast to sleep, training and body composition, so it is a useful check that the rest of the programme is working.

How this works at eleVate

Floor tests (VO2 max and grip) are run by our coaching team. Blood markers are drawn and analysed through our clinic partner. Every member on a coaching programme gets a baseline in the first month and a repeat at six.

The point is not the number. The point is the direction. One reading tells you where you are. Two tell you whether what you are doing is working.

The one question

If you only know one number about yourself: find out your VO2 max. Everything else follows from the conversation that starts there.


Medical note: this article is educational. Targets are general reference ranges for healthy adults and are not a substitute for advice from your own physician. Blood markers are interpreted in context by a clinician.

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